Which is the best college football conference in 2023?

AnalysisAll analysis →

Every FBS team is a dot. Conference averages are not shown, and that is the point: the SEC’s mean is dragged up by four teams, the Big Ten’s spread is twice the Sun Belt’s, and a bar chart of means says none of it. What “compare the conferences” actually asks is how much of one league sits inside the other.

MetricCORE overallCORE offenseCORE defenseOffense EPA/playDefense EPA/play allowedOffense success rateOffense explosivenessPoints per drivePoints per drive allowedAverage starting field positionThird down conversionTeam talent composite

Season2026202520242023202220212020201920182017201620152014

Defense EPA/play allowed · 2023

One dot per team, one tick per conference median. Leagues are ordered by median, and the mean is deliberately not shown — four teams drag it and it hides how far the two distributions overlap.

All leagues ACC American Athletic Big 12 Big Ten Conference USA FBS Independents Mid-American Mountain West Pac-12 SEC Sun Belt

Conference	Teams	Median	Spread	Best	Worst
Big Ten	14	0.111	0.162	Penn State -0.051	0.234
ACC	14	0.115	0.123	Clemson 0.045	0.246
Mid-American	12	0.136	0.098	Ohio 0.022	0.292
SEC	14	0.138	0.060	Georgia 0.074	0.312
American Athletic	14	0.140	0.125	SMU 0.013	0.319
Sun Belt	14	0.161	0.119	Troy 0.010	0.249
Conference USA	9	0.172	0.045	Jacksonville State 0.035	0.231
Big 12	14	0.176	0.100	Oklahoma 0.070	0.293
Pac-12	12	0.182	0.123	Oregon 0.060	0.328
Mountain West	12	0.194	0.069	Air Force 0.116	0.302
FBS Independents	4	0.230	0.070	Notre Dame -0.013	0.297

Two numbers, not one

Median answers “how good is this league”. Spread — the interquartile range — answers “how evenly good”, and it is usually the more interesting of the two. A league with a high median and a huge spread is four contenders and eight teams padding their records, which is exactly the shape that produces a conference champion who keeps losing in January.

Note which metric you are looking at. CORE is opponent-adjusted, so it can be compared across leagues honestly. The raw metrics cannot: a conference that plays itself twelve times has its schedule strength baked into every raw number, which is the single most common way conference comparisons go wrong.